ABS/PA6合金研究进展

介绍了PA6/ABS合金在国内外发展状况、当前ABS/PA6合金技术发展趋势、相容剂种类及其各组成对PA6/ABS合金性能的影响。     

Effect of styrene–isopren–styrene addition on the recycled polycarbonate/acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene polymer blends

Interfacial agents as compatibilizers have recently been introduced into polymer blends to improve microstructure and mechanical properties of thermoplastics. In this way, it is possible to prepare a mixture of polymeric materials that can have superior mechanical properties over a wide temperature range. In this study, an incompatible blend of Polycarbonate (PC) and Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) Copolymer were made compatible by addition of 5, 10, and 20% Styrene–Isopren–Styrene Copolymer (SIS). The mixing operation was conducted using a twin‐screw extruder. The morphology and the compatibility of the mixtures were examined by SEM and DSC techniques. Furthermore, the elastic modulus, tensile and yield strengths, percentage elongation, hardness, melt flow index, Izod impact resistance, heat deflection temperature (HDT), Vicat softening point values of polymer alloys of various ratios were determined. It was found that addition of SIS to the structures decreased the tensile strength, yield strength, elastic modulus, and hardness, whereas it increased Izod impact strength and percentage elongation values. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 559–566, 2006     

甲醛－水渗透蒸发膜分离

制备了乙烯共聚醋酸乙烯酯复合膜和聚酰亚胺均相致密膜，研究了这两种膜与全氟磺酸型离子交换膜的渗透蒸发分离性能。实验测得最大分离系数α＝２７４，并发现料液的甲醛浓度增加，膜的分离系数提高。     

不同老化方式对沥青低温性能的影响分析

研究了不同老化方式对沥青低温性能的影响,分3个阶段,对不同老化方式的试验结果进行了比较.阶段1研究表明,沥青在压力老化容器(PAV)中100℃条件下老化20 h后的低温性能与在1.01×105Pa、60℃条件下老化38 d后的低温性能相差无几.阶段2研究表明,可以通过58℃、10 r/s时的高温因子G*/sinδ来修正低温性能分级,从而可以利用短期老化来代替长期老化试验.阶段3研究表明,沥青的低温性能会随着老化时间改变而变化.当老化时间较短时,低温性能分级由劲度指标控制;当老化时间较长时,低温性能分级将转变为由蠕变速率控制.     

组合填料-膜生物反应器处理生活污水生产性试验

在一体式膜生物反应器（MBR）中加入组合填料，对北京某国际公寓的生活污水处理进行了生产性试验。试验表明，在进水水温15～22℃，pH值6．5～7．2，曝气气水体积比9～10：1，COD198．6～563．5mg／L，NH4-N20．5～55．3mg／L，反应器中混合液悬浮固体浓度（MLSS）维持在5200～7800mg／L时，MBR对水中的COD、NH4^＋-N平均去除率分别为90．6％、68．7％，出水中检测不出SS和大肠菌群，浊度小于1NTU，水质满足CJ2511-89《生活杂用水水质标准》。在相同条件下，未加填料反应器MLSS平均值必须维持在12000mg／L以上时才能达到类似处理效果。由于反应器中加入组合填料，降低了MLSS的浓度，减少了膜污染，在膜通量不变情况下，化学清洗周期可延长35～40d。     

高纯度盐酸游离氯的控制

介绍了高纯盐酸的生产原理、游离氯超标原因，通过工艺改进、提高操作水平及加强管理将游离氯含量控制在指标范围内。     

Blends of i‐PP and SBS. I. Influence of the in situ compatibilization on the morphology

This article concerns the in situ compatibilization of immiscible isotactic polypropylene/butadiene‐styrene‐butadiene triblock copolymer blends (i‐PP/SBS) by means of a reactive mixture. For this purpose, maleated PP (PP‐MAH) and SBS (SBS‐MAH) were used as functionalized polymers and 4,4′‐diaminediphenylmethane was used as a coupling agent between maleated polymers, resulting in a graft copolymer. Binary blends i‐PP/SBS, nonreactive ternary blends i‐PP/PP‐MAH/SBS, and reactive ternary blends i‐PP/PP‐MAH/SBS‐MAH with varying diamine and anhydride molar ratios were prepared. Torque measurements suggest a graft copolymerization during the melt blending for ternary reactive blends, but the extension of the grafting does not vary with the diamine and anhydride molar ratio, but with the elastomer concentration. The morphology of the blends was investigated by scanning electron microscopy. The morphology of binary and ternary nonreactive blends is similar, exhibiting elastomer domains disperse in the i‐PP matrix, whose sizes increase with elastomer concentration. On the other hand, the elastomer domain size in the ternary reactive blends is practically independent of the blends composition and of the diamine and anhydride molar ratio. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 85: 847–855, 2002     

无患子表面活性物及其复配体系的性质研究

对天然植物原料无患子提取物中的表面活性物的性质（临界胶束浓度、表面张力和起泡性能）及其影响因素（温度、pH、水硬度和盐度等）进行了系统的研究，结果表明无患子表面活性物具有很低的cmc和γcmc，且在一定范围内受一些因素的影响也不大，是一种理想的香波原料；同时也研究了无患子活性物与其他温和型的阴离子表面活性剂的复配体系，表明具有明显的协同增效效果。     

一种基于混合高斯模型的多目标进化算法

目前,大多数多目标进化算法采用为单目标优化所设计的重组算子.通过证明或实验分析了几个典型的单目标优化重组算子并不适合某些多目标优化问题.提出了基于分解技术和混合高斯模型的多目标优化算法（multiobjective evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition and mixture Gaussian models,简称MOEA/D-MG）.该算法首先采用一个改进的混合高斯模型对群体建模并采样产生新个体,然后利用一个贪婪策略来更新群体.针对具有复杂Pareto前沿的多目标优化问题的测试结果表明,对给定的大多数测试题,该算法具有良好的效果.     

基于混合PSO的高斯混合模型地形分类

提出了一种基于改进的混合粒子群优化(particle swarm optimization,PSO)算法的高斯混合模型地形分类方法。高斯混合模型的求解通常是使用期望最大化算法(expectation maximization,EM),然而EM算法易陷入局部最优,收敛速度不稳定且对初值敏感。因此引入混合PSO算法,并对其进行了一系列改进。实验结果表明:改进后的算法较其它优化算法提高了全局搜索能力和收敛速度,利用该算法求解高斯混合模型可以提高参数估计的精度,并且在户外场景图像的地形分类实验中所提出的地形分类方法也表现优良。